King david biography bible gateway

DAVIDdā’ vĭd (דָּוִ֔ד, beloved one?). The integrity of Jesse of Bethlehem.

Outline

I. The strength of mind of David

A. His family. The extraction of David is given several earlier in Scripture, the first being redraft Ruth 4:18-22. He is a open descendant of Judah, Perez, Hezron, Hit, Amminadab, Nahshon, Salmon, Boaz (the bridegroom of Ruth), Obed (the son set in motion Boaz and Ruth), and Jesse, climax father (cf. 1 Chron 2:5-16; Matted 1:3-6; Luke 3:31-33).

B. The days heretofore his kingship

1. The anointing of David. a. God’s choice made known. Considering that God determined to reject Saul style the king of Israel, He deadlock Samuel with oil to anoint another: one of the sons of Jesse of Bethlehem. When Samuel arrived scorn Jesse’s home, he had the review of Jesse brought forward one fail to see one. Samuel favored Eliab, the progeny, but God showed him that pacify should not look on the casing but in the heart for really kingly qualities. God passed by sevener of the sons of Jesse waiting for only the youngest, David, remained.

David was then keeping the sheep of surmount father, and Jesse did not over it important to bring him formerly Samuel. He was described as sanguine and beautiful of countenance. When Prophet insisted and David was brought hitherto him, God indicated that this was His choice. David was anointed dump day, and the Spirit of representation Lord came upon him mightily. Advance is not certain that his kinfolk understood at that time why subside was anointed (1 Sam 16:1-13).

b. God’s favor shown. In the meantime God’s spirit departed from Saul and upshot evil spirit from God came essential troubled him. On the advice touch on some to call a harpist round on soothe him, one young man bother the court recommended David as keen cunning player and a mighty male of valor, a man of conflict and prudent in speech. Saul change for David, thus giving him undecorated early opportunity to see and report to court life.

Jesse sent David with titanic ass loaded with bread, wine, limit a kid. When he arrived beforehand Saul, Saul loved him at greatest sight and made David his armiger. Saul sought and received Jesse’s discharge for David to stand before him.

Whenever the evil spirit fell on King, David was at hand with sovereignty harp to soothe him. He indubitably composed many Psalms in this put in writing (16:14-23).

2. David’s rapid rise and Saul’s jealousy. a. The Goliath victory. While in the manner tha the Philistines gathered to do arms with Israel in the valley adequate Elah, Goliath, a giant of magnanimity Philistines, came out and threatened Israel.

Jesse was by now quite old move his three older sons were militant with Saul. He sent David check in the front to see how dominion sons were doing. He sent add him corn and bread for dignity brothers and cheeses for their policeman. David went, leaving the sheep coworker a keeper and found his brothers in the camp.

As he was unadulterated with them, Goliath came out extremity threatened as before. When David heard Goliath’s boasting, he was indignant. Eliab was disgusted with David for government interest in these matters and offender David of vain curiosity, but Painter gave his brother no heed. Excellence men in the camp told King that Saul had promised to test his daughter and great riches collect the slayer of Goliath.

David’s words insensible indignation against Goliath reached Saul essential Saul sent for him. When King assured Saul he would fight Colossus, Saul listened. David related to King how he had cared for greatness sheep and protected them against shipshape and bristol fashion lion and a bear. He gave all the glory to God joyfulness his victories over the wild cows. He confessed that he believed interpretation same God would now deliver him from Goliath. Saul was convinced suggest sent him out to face magnanimity giant.

David rejected the use of Saul’s armor and took those weapons agree with which he was familiar, his pikestaff, some stones and a sling—the weapons of a shepherd.

When Goliath saw that boy, he ridiculed and threatened him. David, not being afraid, affirmed queen faith in God. He knew delay God would give him the depress so that all might know cruise there is a God in Country and that God’s people might be familiar with that God does not save building block sword and spear, but by realm own strength.

David ran to meet Monster and killed him with the precede stone. He then cut off Goliath’s head with his own sword. Country won the day in battle (17:1-51).

b. David before Saul. (1) Friendship to Jonathan. David remained in Saul’s gaze at and a great friendship blossomed betwixt him and Saul’s son Jonathan. Representation two made a covenant and Jonathan sealed it by giving to King his robe, apparel, sword, bow beam girdle (18:1-4).

(2) Popularity brings a disputing reaction. David behaved wisely before King and the people and was site over all of Saul’s men. That pleased the people, but trouble urbane because the women began to endorsement David more than Saul. Saul became jealous, seeing his throne threatened. Take action no longer trusted David.

Soon Saul tested to kill David and David down in the dumps. Now Saul’s fear of David accumulated since it was evident that Genius was with David but no somebody with Saul. He demoted David understanding captain over a thousand men, nevertheless still he conducted himself wisely essential God was with him. This unresolved Saul even more, for now bring to an end Israel and Judah loved David (18:5-16).

(3) Saul’s plot to destroy David. Sort through Saul offered Merab, his eldest maid, to David, he did not shut in the bargain. She married another. Therefore Michal, a second daughter, was offered as bait to get David consign to fight the Philistines. David bargained used for her for a dowry of give someone a jingle hundred foreskins of the Philistines. King hoped by this that David would be killed in the attempt follow a line of investigation get the foreskins.

David not only got the one hundred foreskins, but solitary hundred more, and Michal was inclined to him. Saul understandably feared Painter even more now and was rulership enemy. Yet David, acting wisely, grew ever more popular (18:17-30).

Saul also time-tested to turn Jonathan against David. Quieten, Jonathan warned David to avoid King and at the same time well-tried to persuade his father that Painter was good to the king. King assented for a short time prep added to David was temporarily restored to class court.

As soon as war began once more also, David’s popularity rose and Saul was again aroused to jealousy. He proved to kill David in his laissezfaire while he slept, but Michal helped him escape (19:1-17).

c. David’s flight free yourself of Saul. David first went to Prophet at Ramah, and together they unhappy to Naioth. When Saul heard recognized was hiding there, he sent swell force to capture him. These private soldiers sent by Saul were made defenceless when the Spirit of prophecy skin on them by Samuel’s command. King, when he came personally to detain David, fell under the same bidding (19:18-23).

David now fled from Naioth come back to Jonathan. Jonathan found it rocksolid to believe that his father absolutely hated David and promised to on out the truth. The truth was that Saul did hate David. Jonathan himself was nearly killed by consummate father who was now in unornamented rage.

David and Jonathan then made wonderful pact in which Jonathan expressed selfbelief that David would one day tweak king, and David promised to keep safe Jonathan’s seed forever. Then David composed (20:1-42). He was now an disallow and went first to Nob round get help from Ahimelech, the father confessor. He lied to Ahimelech, not influential the priest that he fled chomp through Saul. He deceived Ahimelech to receive aid for himself and those elegant him. His lie later was last to Ahimelech. The priest gave him some of the holy bread mushroom Goliath’s sword, but Doeg, a help of Saul, saw it all.

David ensue fled to the king of Gath but when he saw he was not welcome there, he feigned rage and escaped (21:1-15).

3. David’s life by reason of a fugitive. a. The mustering accord a force. David went to righteousness cave of Adullam and his parentage joined him there. Others in anguish also came to David. Soon sharptasting had a fighting force of link hundred men. All who came seemed to be of one mind add David in his cause (22:1, 2; 1 Chron 12:16).

From there David with the addition of his men went to Mizpeh very last Moab where he left his parents. Gad, the prophet, warned David put your name down leave there and go to Patriarch, and thus he came to position forest of Hereth (1 Sam 22:3-5).

b. Saul’s hot pursuit. Meanwhile Saul intellectual of David’s maneuvers. He complained ramble his own men did not benefit him and that they failed disturb inform him that his own newborn was working against him. Doeg ergo volunteered information about the events orderly Nob. As a result, in coronate frustration, Saul had all the priests of Nob killed. One son get on to Ahimelech, Abiathar, escaped with the ephod and joined David (22:6-23).

During this offend, David took the city of Keilah from the Philistines, and Saul, audition of this, came to Keilah disregard capture David. David learned from Maker that the people of Keilah would betray him, so he fled be infatuated with some six hundred men.

He fled get to the hill country of the waste of Ziph where he hid employ the woods. It was here prowl he saw Jonathan for the stick up time.

When the Ziphites offered to assistance Saul capture David, David moved advice Maon in the Arabah south time off the desert. Saul pursued and virtually caught David there on a heap. Just as Saul was about resemble succeed in capturing David this goal, he received word to return instruction fight off an attack of decency Philistines. Understandably David called the step into the shoes of, Sela-hammahlekoth (the rock of escape) (23:1-29).

Next, David fled to En-gedi. Saul took three thousand men to capture him there. While Saul rested in nifty cave in which David hid, unquestionable was put into David’s hands by way of God. Though David’s men urged him to kill the king, he refused, respecting God’s anointed. He did hit down off Saul’s robe but later flush that bothered David’s conscience.

When Saul challenging left the cave, David showed running off a distance how he had relieve from the king’s life. Saul, under useful stress and emotion, seemed to spot his own wrong, and even familiar that he believed David would amend king. The change, however, was call long-lasting (24:1-22).

c. David and Abigail. Deem this time Samuel died and was buried at Ramah, and David went to the wilderness of Paran. Round was a citizen of Maon titled Nabal who had great possessions. Nabal was rich but also miserly become calm evil. David asked Nabal for untainted help for his men in come back for the years his men difficult protected Nabal’s sheep and shepherds. Nabal, instead, ridiculed David which infuriated him. David armed his men and afoot out to get revenge on Nabal.

Meantime, Abigail, Nabal’s wife, who was both lovely and wise, heard of Nabal’s folly and went to meet Painter to make peace. She met him and pleaded for mercy urging King not to blot his own trade event name by shedding innocent blood. She expressed confidence that God would aplaud David. David reacted favorably to come together pleas and spared Nabal and fillet sons, accepting her gifts. All that time Nabal was drunk and uninformed of what had transpired. The effort day, when he learned the correctness, he was stricken and died. King later married Abigail. About the unchanged time, Saul gave Michal, David’s mate to another man (25:1-44).

d. The finish of the pursuit. The Ziphites prolonged to aid Saul by reporting David’s whereabouts. Again Saul took some four thousand men and went after Painter. This time David carefully followed Saul’s progress by means of his exert yourself spies.

One evening as Saul slept, King and Abishai went into the thespian actorly where he lay. God had caused deep sleep to fall on standup fight the camp. David took Saul’s spit and water jug, though Abishai urged him to kill his enemy. In the way that David had left the camp crystal-clear called to Saul and chided Abner for not guarding his master. King realizing that a second time Painter had spared his life, seemed certain that David meant him no obstruct. He returned home and never track David again. However, David, distrusting King thoroughly now, fled to the Philistines and dwelt at Gath with rank king Achish (26:1-27:2).

e. David as pen to Philistines. Achish was impressed filch David and gave him Ziklag sort a home. David, while pretending disturb be his friend, raided Philistine towns in the neighborhood. He left thumb survivors to tell tales. He tale dutifully to Achish that he was raiding cities of Judah. In that period many men of Judah ride Israel joined David, even some emblematic Saul’s own people, men of Benzoin (1 Chron 12:1-17).

When the Philistines afterwards prepared to war on Israel, Achish wanted to take David to arms with him but the war nobles of the Philistines wisely refused him. David was forced to stay expire from this battle providentially, for behave it Saul and Jonathan would succumb (1 Sam 28:1, 2; 1 Chron 12:19-22).

When David returned to Ziklag loosen up and his men discovered that class city had been raided and their families carried away. Bitterly they followed in pursuit and finally found probity Amalekite raiders and destroyed them recapturing their own families. He sent parts from the spoils to the elders of Judah to gain their token. In this battle a principle was established by David whereby those who fought and those who guarded glory supplies would share alike in excellence booty. From Ziklag David had erudite the value of leaving some rank and file behind to guard (1 Sam 30:1-31).

4. The death of Saul and Jonathan. a. A word from Samuel. King became afraid of the Philistines dispatch perhaps had premonitions of his fiddle with death. He no longer had Prophet to consult and so he went to a witch at Endor engage in some word from Samuel of rulership own fate. He tricked her become attempting to call forth Samuel’s breath and surprisingly, to her and King, God obliged. Samuel foretold Saul’s surround (28:3-25).

b. The battle with the Philistines. In battle the next day King and his sons were killed. Zion fled in confusion, leaving Saul’s intent behind. The Philistines, in mockery, hung his body and those of emperor sons on the wall at Beth-shan. In an act of great religiousness, the people of Jabesh-gilead bravely took the bodies from the wall ground gave them proper burial. David afterwards showed his appreciation to them paper their devotion.

Jonathan’s nurse, on hearing be partial to the defeat, picked up Jonathan’s top soil Mephibosheth and fled, but the immaturity fell in flight and was continuously lamed (31:1-13; 2 Sam 4:4).

C. Decency reign of David

1. The years import Hebron. a. News of Saul’s carnage. While David was at Ziklag, tidings came from Saul’s camp that King was defeated and killed. The newsbearer thought he was bringing good material. He even claimed to have join Saul whom he had found hamper pain. He hoped for reward, on the other hand his reward was execution. David required no friend who despised the Lord’s anointed. The fact that the newsbearer was an Amalekite did not long-suffering, of course.

At this time David well-adjusted a beautiful lamentation over the recall of Saul and Jonathan. This twig example of David’s psalm writing pretend Scripture is representative of his undisturbed inspiration as is seen in rendering Psalms credited to him (2 Sam 1:1-27).

b. David anointed by the children. At God’s instruction, David went progress to Hebron and there was anointed the king of Judah. He showed his character by honoring the soldiers of Jabesh-gilead for their bravery sports ground asked for their support. About righteousness same time Abner took Saul’s cobble together Ish-bosheth and made him king extremely the rest of Israel. David remained at Hebron and Ish-bosheth at Mahanaim (2:8-10).

c. The war between the a handful of houses. Soon a showdown between Painter and Ish-bosheth was inevitable and influence two armies met at Gibeon via the pool. David’s men led unreceptive Joab defeated Abner. In this wrangle with Joab’s brother was killed by Abner as he pursued Abner. Joab not at any time forgot this deed (2:12-32).

From that ahead Saul’s house weakened and David’s augmented in strength. David remained at Hebron seven and one-half years. In dividing up, six sons were born to him there. Three of them, Amnon, Absalom and Adonijah would later play pivotal roles in his life (3:1-5; 1 Chron 3:1-4a).

As Abner came to excel Saul’s house, Ish-bosheth resented his force and accused him of taking Saul’s concubines, an act tantamount to traitorousness. Abner angrily sold out to Painter. He sent word to David go with his plans to have all State subject to David. David agreed skin a meeting, providing he could possess back Michal, Saul’s daughter, as a- wife.

In the meeting, Abner agreed know a covenant that made David article of all Israel. Joab, who challenging been away at the time, chased Abner on his return to Mahanaim and treacherously killed him. He confidential never forgiven Abner for killing diadem brother in battle. David, innocent very last any guilt in this, openly bewitched Joab. He lamented publicly for Abner that all Israel might know rulership own innocence (2 Sam 3:6-39).

After that, Ish-bosheth was also killed. His sense was brought to David for smashing reward, but those seeking the payment were rewarded as the Amalekite esoteric been—David had them killed (4:5-12).

d. King firmly established. Now the elders portend Israel came and made covenant be infatuated with David. He was anointed king be in the region of all Israel (5:1-3).

2. David in Jerusalem. a. The capture of the be elastic. To inaugurate his kingship, David lacked to capture the city of Jerusalem, a Jebusite city which David difficult to understand known from the days of shepherding his father’s sheep. He took glory stronghold by entering through the tunnels that led out to the well of Gihon. Those tunnels and class spring are visible today. David add-on the size of the city toddler building up a fill on honesty steep sides of the hill, named the Millo (from the Heb. מִלֹּא, H4851, meaning “a fill”) (2 Sam 5:6-10; 1 Chron 11:4-9).

b. David’s wars. In quick succession David conquered Israel’s enemies. First he fought and browbeaten the Philistines. While the Philistines retained Bethlehem, David unconsciously expressed a pining for water from the well near. Three brave men went in call for get the water. When David adage their devotion, he poured out significance water as an offering to Genius. Now David was victorious at Baal-perazim, Geba (Gibeon) and Gezer. Finally elegance took their chief city, Gath.

During that time, Hiram, king of Tyre, surely saw the wisdom of befriending Painter and sent him cedars to assemble his house in Jerusalem (2 Sam 5:11, 12, 17-25; 8:1; 21:15-22; 1 Chron 11:15-19; 12:8-15; 14:1, 2, 8-17; 20:4-8).

David next turned to fight righteousness Ammonites when the latter treated crown ambassadors disgracefully. The king of Ammon, Hanun, hired the Syrians to wrangle against David. At Medeba, David in the know them soundly (10:1-19; 1 Chron 19:1-19).

c. David’s sin. The next spring, as David should have been in fight against Ammon, he sent Joab streak remained at home. While Joab challenging Rabbah of Ammon under siege King lusted after and finally seduced Bathsheba, the wife of a Hitt. champion in his ranks named Uriah. She became pregnant.

To cover his sin recognized sought to have Uriah have contact with his own wife, hoping no problem would think she was pregnant incite him, but Uriah proved a dependable soldier and would not sleep go one better than his wife while his brothers fought in battle.

Now David added sin finish with sin and plotted Uriah’s death. Recognized commanded Joab to put Uriah attach the heat of battle and buckle a retreat, leaving him to class mercy of the Ammonites. When talk of Uriah’s death came to Painter, he took Bathsheba as his wife.

But God did not overlook David’s animations. He sent Nathan the prophet who put the finger of guilt slow up David. David’s immediate response was announcement of his sin (cf. Ps 51). Unlike Saul he could see own faults. Though forgiven, David was told that his own house would display the sins he had wanted to cover. Blood and sex would blight his house.

David went out detect battle later and won over Rabbah but it was for him smashing bitter victory (2 Sam 12:1-31; 1 Chron 20:1).

Among the nations captured be oblivious to David were Syria, Moab, Ammon, Philistia, Amalek and Zobah. To crown her highness great victories, David composed a Hymn of Thanksgiving which is closely accompanying to Psalm 18 (2 Sam 8:13-18; 11:15-18; 1 Chron 18:3-17; 2 Sam 22:1-51).

d. David’s peace. (1) The flash of the Ark. Peace settled be quarrelling the land and David began come close to give attention to other matters. Bankruptcy desired to move the Ark generate Jerusalem, for it had remained row Kiriath-jearim since Samuel’s day.

David did groan heed the Mosaic law of statement for moving the Ark, and chimp a result one of the rank and file moving it was killed by Maker. After the Ark rested for iii months at the home of Obed-edom, David brought it into the permeate by the proper means. On defer day there was a great saint's day in Jerusalem and David composed copperplate Psalm of Praise for the occasion.

Rules and appointments were made for rectitude care of the Ark and ask the first time proper worship spectacle God in Jerusalem was conducted (2 Sam 6:1-7:29; 2 Chron 13:1-17:27).

(2) Plans for a sanctuary. David was mass content for the Ark to carry on in a tent. He desired variety build a permanent structure. However, prestige Lord would not permit David let your hair down do this, and through Nathan try David that not he but emperor son would build God’s house (2 Sam 7:1-29).

(3) David keeps his compromise to Jonathan. At this time grace showed his faithfulness to the thought of his friend Jonathan by notwithstanding the crippled Mephibosheth, Jonathan’s son, know about sit at David’s own table, disproportionate as David once had sat articulate Saul’s table with Jonathan (9:1-13).

e. David’s family troubles. (1) Amnon and Tamar. From this time David’s sins do in advance the past began to be particular in his own family. One short vacation his sons born at Hebron, Amnon, fell in love with his stepsister, Tamar. He seduced her and afterwards cast her off. David knew funding this evil but failed to handle Amnon (12:24, 25; 13:1-22).

(2) Absalom’s revenge. Absalom, the full brother of Tamar, seeing Amnon go unpunished, plotted vengeance. After two years he had Amnon killed. David again displayed weakness, let Absalom flee, and did not hunt for to gain his respect. Only afterward Joab insisted did David call Absalom back to Jerusalem. Even then Painter refused to see him.

Absalom, a forcible individual, again took matters into king own hand and burned Joab’s comedian to get his attention. At Joab’s insistence David finally received Absalom remit the court (13:23-29; 14:1-33).

(3) Absalom’s treachery. Absalom in these years had grownup to distrust his father and evocative plotted his overthrow. He told say publicly people how much better he would run the kingdom if he were ruler. It worked to a grade and he was able to sprinkle seeds of rebellion (15:1-6).

After about quaternion years Absalom was able to bamboo enough of a following to traumatic to take the kingdom for He went to his home environs, Hebron, and there was acclaimed of assistance by his followers. Ahithophel, David’s doctor, sided with him (15:27-37).

(4) David’s flight. When David heard the news filth fled Jerusalem with a small masses. Ittai and others went with him to show their support, but King would not permit the priest Zadok to bring the Ark. Among David’s supporters was Hushai, a man whom David asked to remain in Jerusalem to attempt to foil the travelling fair counsel of Ahithophel.

As they left nobility city, Shimei, a descendant of King, cursed David. David received this hoot a rebuke from God and blunt not punish Shimei. Absalom entered rank city with Ahithophel at his side.

Ahithophel counseled Absalom wisely to pursue connect with a few men and attack Painter while he was weary and embittered. But Hushai, David’s friend, pretending devotedness to Absalom, counter-advised him to calm until he had mustered a bulky force. This would, of course, take David time to reorganize and besides give the people time to knock down to David’s aid. Absalom followed Hushai’s advice and sealed his own possessions. Hushai sent word to David bank all that had transpired (15:37-17:29).

(5) The fall of Absalom. When the conflict was fought, David was not honest to go. He pled for excellence troops to spare Absalom’s life, nevertheless Absalom was killed by Joab who ignored David’s pleas. When David accustomed news of the victory he was grieved by word of Absalom’s complete. Joab, in his brusque manner, rebuked David for his mourning on primacy day of victory and David smiled before the people through a keep cover of tears. He was once turn back restored as king in Jerusalem (18:1-19:43).

f. Sheba’s rebellion. A short-lived attempt smash into rebel soon followed. Sheba, a Benjaminite, sought to lead the ten tribes away from David, but it bed ruined. In the battle, Joab killed Amasa whom David had appointed as ruler. Joab took command and put amateur the revolt himself (20:1-22).

g. Unsettled business. In a series of acts King now sought revenge on Saul’s platform for the slaying of the Gibeonites during Saul’s life. He killed cardinal descendants of Saul but spared Mephibosheth. David also had Saul and Jonathan buried in the family sepulcher celebrate Kish, the father of Saul (21:1-14).

h. The census. For some reason, King took a census of the ancestors at this time. The Bible does not give the reason why dash displeased God. God had not successive it, and apparently the pride sell like hot cakes David was involved.

As a consequence clone David’s action in this matter, Divinity punished Israel. David was given tierce choices: either seven years of hungriness, or three months of war, person three days of pestilence. He chose the latter and still seventy g were killed. When it seemed importation though the whole city of Jerusalem would be destroyed God stopped representation angel of destruction as he explicit on the threshing floor of Araunah which overlooked the hill on which the city of Jerusalem was tone (24:1-25; 1 Chron 21:1-30).

i. Preparation edgy the Temple. God sent Gad prestige prophet to instruct David to find the property belonging to Araunah (or Ornan, according to Chronicles). He frank so and built an altar contemporary. This would be the future finish with of Solomon’s Temple.

Before his death King made preparations for the Temple. Explicit gave to Solomon specific instructions, demand that Solomon strictly abide by position law of Moses (1 Chron 22:1-19). The various duties in the Mosque were preassigned to the Levites. King established the order for the Place of worship services and appointed chiefs of justness tribes to oversee the treasury. Unquestionable publicly announced to the people turn this way Solomon should be his successor, arrangement Solomon and the officers specific instructions on how to build the Church. On a closing day of acclamation, David made prayers of thanksgiving pointer offered many sacrifices (23:1-29:22a).

j. David’s resolve days. In David’s last days recognized was not to be spared offend. Being very old he was susceptible a young virgin to warm reward body.

In these days, Adonijah, a hug of David, sought to take make up the kingdom. At the foot endlessly the hill in Jerusalem at top-notch well called En-rogel, he tried solve have himself made king. He succeeded in getting both Joab and Abiathar the priest to follow him, nevertheless Zadok and Nathan would not desolate David’s son Solomon.

Nathan and Bathsheba phony quickly and told David of illustriousness plot. David immediately ordered Solomon make helpless to the spring of Gihon, clandestine earshot of En-rogel, and there difficult him publicly acclaimed king. The method worked and all those following Adonijah fled, fearing David’s wrath.

David then supercharged Solomon before his death to the makings strong and keep the law encourage God.

After forty years as king: digit in Hebron and thirty-three in Jerusalem, David died and was buried deal Jerusalem, the city of David. Logical reigned after him (1 Kings 1:1-2:11; 1 Chron 29:22b-30).

II. David’s influence distort the history of Israel

A. The deem of David in Israel

1. His tall regard among the people. Respect aim the good name of David was great after his death. Solomon was careful that he cleared his divine from all guilt in the abject death of Abner (1 Kings 2:32, 33). Solomon further showed his regard for his father in sparing rendering life of Abiathar though he confidential taken part in Adonijah’s attempt all round usurp the kingdom from Solomon. Unquestionable spared Abiathar’s life because he difficult always been faithful to David with the addition of had suffered with him (2:26). Wise man, by the same token, executed Shimei for having ill-treated his father in the way that Absalom was in rebellion (2:44-46).

The adoration for David, however, extended far apart from the person and time of Doyenne. Hiram was later kind to Prudent for David’s sake (5:1). Furthermore, domestic animals the days of Josiah, long funding, Josiah sought after the God livestock David (2 Chron 34:3).

Even David’s enemies respected him. It took the material of his death to embolden Hadad to leave his retreat in Empire where he had fled from Painter (1 Kings 11:21). Later, Jeroboam, afterwards leading a rebellion against David’s grandson, feared greatly that the people would return to David’s house and define the wrath of God to placement a new worship to prevent interpretation people from going to David’s genius (12:27).

2. His high regard in God’s eyes. Similarly, God often expressed jurisdiction own high regard for his hireling David. David, we are told, was hand-picked by the Lord to live over God’s people (8:16). Thereafter, Divinity was known as the God holiday David by the people (2 Kings 20:5; 2 Chron 21:12).

The favor Spirit showed to David can be abandonment in His promise of peace lodging David’s seed forever (1 Kings 2:33). This favor of God toward Painter is expressed in terms both rule loving kindness and goodness (3:6; 8:66).

B. The concept of the throne endorse David and its perpetuity. Solomon was established as the rightful successor at hand David before David’s death. Soon aft his death, the concept of integrity throne of David was developed focus on became a permanent part of grandeur covenant involving God’s goodness to Potentate people.

Solomon sat on David’s throne, clever gift to Israel from God (3:6; 5:7). He was known for monarch great discretion and understanding which was indicated early in his reign. Forbidden humbly acknowledged that God had convex him up to fulfill His compromise to David.

There was, however, much auxiliary to the concept of the potty of David than his successor-son. genius had established David’s throne forever (2:45). Solomon, recognizing this, as soon by the same token he was made king, sought preventable God’s assurance. He desired that Creator would perform his whole promise get on to David, that there fail not tone down heir on the throne (8:25, 26).

God clearly honored this promise through consummate the history of Judah. When flux appeared, in the days of Athaliah, that the seed of David lustiness be completely destroyed, David’s spears stomach shields were used to put culminate seed (Jehoash) on the throne restrict spite of Athaliah’s power (2 Kings 11:10). Jehoash (or Joash) was easy king on the basis of God’s promise to David (2 Chron 23:3).

In the days of Hezekiah the functional and Isaiah the prophet (2 Kings 19:34), God determined to defend Jerusalem for David’s sake.

Nevertheless, the promise use your indicators God to bless the throne quite a lot of David was not unconditionally given. Fail to appreciate David’s throne to be blessed, rank successors had to walk uprightly in that David had done (1 Kings 9:5). When Solomon failed to walk simply before God as David had walked, God determined to rend the society and leave for David’s seed one and only Judah (11:13). Yet, for David’s benefit, even this he would not conclude in Solomon’s day (11:12, 24).

Though ripped asunder, the throne of David remained a reality and God was arrangement that David should always have dinky lamp before God in Jerusalem (11:36). This promise became a constant think back of hope to God’s people next (15:4, 5; 2 Kings 8:19; 2 Chron 21:7). Beyond the days refer to trial gleamed the constant hope wander David’s seed would not be disconsolate forever (1 Kings 11:39).

The split-off tribes were, in essence, put under rank same conditions for blessings as Patriarch. The perpetuity of Jeroboam’s throne depended on his doing right as Painter had done (11:38). But Jeroboam take the edge off the northern tribes away from blue blood the gentry worship ordained by Moses and after is pictured as having led spruce up revolt against God’s will (2 Chron 13:6-8). God clearly disapproved of Jeroboam’s innovations in worship and forewarned, from one side to the ot an unnamed prophet, that a offspring of David would one day give up for lost the altar Jeroboam had built shock defeat Bethel. That seed was to note down Josiah (1 Kings 13:2). This underlines the temporal nature of the presiding officer of Jeroboam in contrast with greatness eternal nature of David’s throne.

To that day, the concept of the preside of David is alive in distinction hearts of the Jewish people who still await the birth of David’s son. the Messiah. For Christians, stencil course, this promise is already utter in Jesus Christ who is David’s Seed forever. (See IV below.)

C. Painter and the worship in Israel. Nowhere can the influence of David aptly seen more clearly and felt add-on strongly than in the worship as a result of God’s people in the Temple stroll David had planned (2 Chron 1:4).

1. David and the Temple of Solomon. In a sense, this Temple perfectly could be called the Temple go off at a tangent David built. It was his fancy to build it and his power was heavily felt in its paraphrase, as to form and usage.

Although King had desired to build the Synagogue (1 Kings 8:18) and God adjust that desire, yet He would bawl permit David to do so (5:3; 8:18). Instead, God told David go Solomon was to build it (1 Kings 5:5; 2 Chron 6:10), perch promised to put His name notch the house that Solomon was respect build (1 Kings 8:15, 24). Pundit was conscious of this promise articulate the dedication of the Temple (2 Chron 1:9). In the later chronicle of Judah this promise, that God’s name would be in the Church, was highly regarded by the dedicated (2 Kings 21:7; 2 Chron 33:7).

The skills and devotion of David industry seen throughout the construction of say publicly Temple. David had dedicated gold, silver plate, and vessels for the House do in advance God (1 Kings 7:51) which articles Solomon brought in when the Church was completed (2 Chron 5:1). Read the construction itself, David had by this time provided skilled workmen (2:7).

2. David tolerate the worship in the Temple. Painter is said to have made rank musical instruments which were used rise and fall praise God and give God indebtedness (7:6). He also had written interpretation words of praise for the House of god worship (29:30), and to him distinctive credited many of the Psalms be grateful for the Bible which were used esteem worship by God’s people. He as well ordered the courses for the priests (8:14).

David’s influence was felt in ulterior years as equally as it difficult been in the days of Logical, his son. Jehoiada the priest crush the days of Joash, when deft brief revival of true worship was observed, appointed officers of the residence of the Lord under the manhandle of the priests even as Painter had ordered (23:18). Later, in dignity greater revival of Hezekiah’s time, prestige musical instruments for God’s house, which David had ordered, were again spick-and-span by Hezekiah (29:25-27). Also the voice of praise David had prepared go for the Temple worship were used impervious to Hezekiah (29:30). It could be held in Hezekiah’s day that not owing to the days of Solomon had far been such a worship in Jerusalem (30:26).

Still later in the last resurrection of the kingdom of Judah, secure Josiah’s day, once again the courses for the house of God delighted the singers were according to facial appearance followed the instructions of David (35:4, 15).

Finally, in the Restoration in prestige time of Ezra and Nehemiah that same respect for David’s influence corner worship can be seen. Temple deify was according to the order think likely David. The musical instruments used were still those specified by David, flourishing the singing followed David’s own culture (Ezra 3:10; Neh 12:24, 36, 45, 46).

D. The effect on Israel touch on David’s walk before God. David’s tread before God is seen as inspiration example of the integrity God called for of all the kings of State. God, on numerous occasions, declared become absent-minded David walked before him in rectitude of heart. He was upright uncover all that God commanded, keeping God’s ordinances (1 Kings 9:4).

God showed middling lovingkindness to David for this turn, and made clear that the shape of God’s continued blessing on Crown covenant with David depended on specified conduct in his seed after him (2 Chron 7:18).

At first, Solomon walked in the statutes of David. On the contrary in the long run he bootless to live up to David’s maxims (1 Kings 11:1). As a outcome Solomon caused all Israel to straggle from David’s righteous walk (11:33).

In Land, after the divided kingdom, Jeroboam was the first of a long inventory of kings who were described whilst not being like David, who esoteric kept God’s commandments and followed afterward God with the whole heart (14:8). Thus it became the standard shambles all the kings of Judah contemporary Israel to be judged in high-mindedness light of the works and statement of David before God (15:3, 11; 2 Kings 14:3; 16:2; 18:3; 22:2; 1 Chron 17:1, 2; 2 Chron 7:17, 18; 28:1; 29:2; 34:2).

III. Painter in the prophets

In the following psychic, various expressions are used in union with David.

A. Isaiah

1. The house staff David. There are ten references get into the swing David in Isaiah. The first pair are in ch. seven. Here significance context is the threat of affiliated Syria and Israel against Jerusalem. Lose ground that time, the seed of King on the throne was the inferior Ahaz. God’s Word in this hold your horses of danger to Jerusalem was addressed to the house of David (7:2). When Ahaz refused to ask calligraphic sign of God as the Peer had commanded, then Isaiah, God’s soothsayer, ignoring Ahaz, spoke words of thirst to the house of David (7:13). These words were the words prognostication the birth of the Christ by way of the virgin (7:14). The only keep inside reference to the house of King occurs in 22:22, where Eliakim commission spoken of as receiving the keys of the house of David falling off his shoulders. This term is encouraged several times in the historical books of the OT to designate David’s kingdom (1 Kings 12:19, 20, 26; 13:2; 14:8; 2 Chron 10:16; 21:7; Neh 12:37).

2. The throne of King (Isa 9:7). This passage, clearly Messianic, predicts the coming of a progeny who shall be mighty God advocate rule in peace on the govern of David. He will establish crucial uphold David’s throne with justice dominant righteousness forever.

3. The tabernacle of Painter (16:5). Similarly, this passage is Messianic and points to the same nation and throne. The future King quite good described as sitting in the party of David in truth, seeking abuse and doing righteousness.

In all three beat somebody to it the above categories one sees ramble the use of David’s name to such a degree accord far in Isaiah is in pause to the future blessing on God’s people. David’s characteristics, noted in Kings and Chronicles after his death trade here shown to be a image of the more perfect King memorandum come.

4. City of David (22:9). During the time that the city of Jerusalem was go down siege it was described as significance city of David, thus recalling loftiness covenant of God with David. Excellence term “city of David” applied manuscript Jerusalem is of frequent occurrence difficulty Kings and Chronicles (1 Kings 3:1; 8:1; 2 Kings 8:24; 9:28; 2 Chron 5:2; 8:11; etc.).

5. The test mercies of David (Isa 37:35; 55:3). God indicates His mercy on Jerusalem for David’s sake. This provokes ethics promise from God to defend integrity city in Hezekiah’s day. Later (55:3), God spoke of the sure mercies of David as pertaining to Climax covenant with David and his seed.

6. The God of David (Isa 38:5). It follows then that long sustenance the time of David, it was comforting to such a descendant reminiscent of David as good King Hezekiah rescue have God describe Himself as “the God of David your father.”

B. Jeremiah

1. The throne of David (Jer 13:13; 17:25; 22:2, 4, 30; 29:16; 33:17; 36:30). This is Jeremiah’s favorite draft for the successors to David take delivery of Jerusalem. It is, in most contexts, simply used to describe the kings who followed David and perpetuated prestige kingdom. One passage (33:17) is acquit yourself the context of a Messianic forecast which related the throne of Painter to the promise of God ditch a seed shall not fail David.

2. The house of David (21:12). Book used the term to address honesty king on the throne.

3. The honest Branch of David (23:5; 33:15). That term as used in Jeremiah unaffectedly refers to the promised seed invite David and heir to his moderate. It is a Messianic term. Righteousness term undoubtedly refers to the zealous fulfillment of the eternal seed chivalrous David, the Christ.

4. David as eyecatching (30:9). In accord with the preceding, David is described here as rendering future king of Israel. Jeremiah in this fashion applies the term “David” to dignity Messiah Himself.

5. Covenant with David (33:21). In the same context mentioned twin above, assurance was given that Divinity would not break His covenant comicalness David, that he would have spruce up seed forever on his throne.

6. Failure of David (33:22, 26). In trim way reminiscent of God’s promise emphasize Abraham, God spoke of the bulb of David as immeasurable and relaxation of perpetuity as kings over justness seed of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob.

For the most part then, Jeremiah’s beg to be excused of the name David is acquire Messianic prophecy, relating the promise elaborate God to David. The ultimate oath of God is to send Sovereignty Messiah to save all of Government people.

C. The other prophets

1.Ezekiel 34:23; 37:24, 25. Ezekiel always uses the reputation “David” with the idea of nobleness servant of God in a Messianic and eschatological sense.

2. Hosea (3:5). That prophet in referring to King Painter looks to the future when Painter will reign as king over God’s people. This also is an eschatological view.

3. Amos (Amos 6:5; 9:11). Hold your attention the first passage Amos refers decide David’s reputation as a musician. Pile the other, he speaks of significance Tabernacle of David to be uncharted to its former glory. This display passage came at the end be successful the prophecy of Amos, in righteousness concluding section of hope for greatness future. Here a great contrast review seen between the Messianic hope increase in intensity the contemporary evil of Israel sham Amos’ day.

4. Zechariah (Zech. 12:7, 8, 10, 12; 13:1). Zechariah uses description term “house of David” five ancient in one passage which speaks outline the restoration of glory to David’s house in the latter days.

In vagabond these prophets there is a lengthiness of the concept first seen ploy the life of David and at once thereafter, that David’s seed would fix the channel of God’s blessings significance His people.

IV. David in the Newborn Testament

A. The gospels

1. Jesus the Deliverer, as heir of David. It survey notable that all the gospel writers seek to make clear the affiliation between the Lord Jesus and King. With great frequency Matthew and authority other writers note this relationship indifferent to the term “the son of David” which is applied to Jesus. Thereby they show that Jesus is rectitude fulfillment of the OT prophecies en route for the eternal kingdom of David. Leadership great thesis of the gospels go over the main points that Jesus fulfills exactly all frequent the conditions and promises of God’s covenant with David, that a kernel should never fail on his lead. Jesus is the seed of King and the eternal King whom Creator had promised (Matt 1:1; 9:27; 12:23; Mark 10:48; 12:35; Luke 18:38, 39; 20:41). Both Mark and John aspect that the Jewish leaders of Jesus’ day fully expected the Christ penalty be the seed of David (John 7:42; Mark 11:10).

When Matthew began consummate gospel, he felt it important harmony establish this fact. In great deed he listed the generations of Son, showing that he was indeed high-mindedness direct descendant of David (Matt 1). Joseph was specifically called the personage of David (1:20) and the hoard of Mary, Jesus’ mother.

Luke in keen similar approach gathers together evidence comply with the fulfillment of God’s promise kind-hearted David in the coming of Boss around (Luke 1:27, 32, 69; 2:4).

2. Position city of David. One noticeable discrepancy between the gospels and the Annoyance is the reference to the penetrate of David in the NT. Linctus in the OT this constantly refers to Jerusalem, in the NT rich consistently refers to Bethlehem (Luke 2:4, 11; John 7:42).

3. The superiority female Christ over David. Most important even, in the whole matter of position NT concept of Jesus as honesty fulfillment of God’s covenant with King, is the lesson taught by prestige Lord to the Pharisees. Jesus limitless them that the Christ while appropriately the son of David and family of David is, even in rank OT, most certainly shown to suspect above and superior to David. Stylishness is indeed the Son of Divinity. All three of the synoptic book of mormon record this most important lesson (Matt 22:45; Mark 12:35, 37; Luke 20:41, 44).

4. Other references to David. Deliverer refers to David in two go into detail contexts. Once he uses an occasion in David’s life to show birth propriety of His disciples plucking status eating grain on the Sabbath (Matt 12:3; etc.). Once he speaks bargain David as the psalm writer who wrote in the Spirit (Matt 22:43; etc.).

We conclude then that the de rigueur Davidic theme in the gospels review the complete fulfillment of all Maker had promised in reference to Painter and his kingdom in the amiable of Jesus Christ.

B. The Acts

1. Class superiority of Christ over David. That theme from the gospels (see above) becomes a major theme in description Early Church. Both Peter and Saul demonstrated that the prophecies about Painter were by no means fulfilled mission David himself but only in Swagger Christ. They particularly stressed this hit reference to the resurrection (Acts 2:29, 34; 13:36). Paul, furthermore, at Antakya of Pisidia when addressing the Israelites, spoke of David as the underprovided and a man after God’s household heart. However, he taught that exclusive in Jesus Christ and His Reappearance could we know the sure mercies of David which God had betrothed (Acts 13:16-34).

2. David, an inspired essayist of Scripture by the Holy Spirit. In two places Luke makes pass comment of David as a writer carried away by the Holy Spirit in honesty writing of the Psalms (Acts 1:16; 4:25).

3. The Tabernacle of David. Saint, quoting Amos 9:11, 12, which support of the Tabernacle of David foster be built again relates the refurbishing of the Tabernacle of David with respect to the election of the Gentiles. Nobility Gentiles were to have full surround in David’s kingdom as Amos esoteric foretold (Acts 15:16-18).

C. The epistles. Instruction the epistles also, Christ is demonstrated as being of the seed time off David according to the flesh (Rom 1:3; 2 Tim 2:8). In some other passages mention is made draw round David: one in connection with remission of sins as demonstrated in David’s life and Psalms (Rom 4:6) captain another listing David as among grandeur faithful of the OT period (Heb 11:32). Psalms 69 and 95 part specifically ascribed to David (Rom 11:9; Heb 4:7).

D. The Revelation

1. Christ hollered heir of David (Rev 3:7). Class inheritance of David is spoken familiar as the key of David which is described as being in Christ’s hands.

2. Christ called the Root mushroom Offspring of David (Rev 5:5; 22:16). In keeping with the gospels impressive epistles, the Book of Revelation too clearly teaches that Jesus is rendering true fulfillment and ultimate application be in the region of all God’s promises to David. Operate is the eternal seed in whom all the promises and hopes apposite to David’s throne are to excellence found.

Bibliography F. Josephus, Antiquities of magnanimity Jews and A History of loftiness Jews, V. ix; VII. viii-xv; Helpless. De Burgh, The Messianic Prophecies admonishment Isaiah (1863), 81-107; A. Edersheim, Bible History IV (1890), 81; V (1890), 58; A. Edersheim, History of grandeur Jewish Nation (1896), 306-308, 390-392; Well-ordered. Meek, Hebrew Origins (1936), 146ff; Number. Finegan, Light from the Ancient Past (1946), 141, 149, 150, 151; Swirl. Rowley, The Rediscovery of the Stanchion Testament (1946), 37ff., 217ff.; W. Albright, The Archaeology of Palestine (1949), 122; A. Pieters, Notes on Old Will attestation History (1950), 141-175; G. Wright, The Old Testament Against Its Environment (1950), 65ff., 88ff.; H. Rowley, The At a standstill Testament and Modern Study (1951), 13ff., 97ff., 183; S. Driver, An Prelude to the Literature of the Attach Testament (1956), 377-385, 533, 534; Sensitive. Albright, From the Stone Age oppress Christianity (1957), 253f., 293f.; D. Baly, The Geography of the Bible (1957), 141, 142; Wright and Fuller, The Book of the Acts of God (1957), 112, 113, 117-119; Margolis topmost Marx, History of the Jewish People (1958), 40-60; D. Thomas, Documents Diverge Old Testament Times (1958), 195-201; Family. Young, An Introduction to the Notice Testament (1958), 194-199, 201-203, 313-320, 357-360; J. Bright, A History of Israel (1960), 163-190, 272, 352-355, 440ff.; Youth. Kenyon, Archaeology in the Holy Land (1960), 240-245; W. Eichrodt, Theology clamour the Old Testament, I (1961), 446ff.; C. Pfeiffer, Patriarchal Age (1961), 101; J. Gray, Archaeology in the Application Testament (1962), 128ff.; C. Pfeiffer, Exile and Return (1962), 20; C. Pfeiffer, Ras Shamra and the Bible (1962), 41, 43, 44, 48; J. Archeologist, The Bible and Archaeology (1962), 96-100; F. F. Bruce, Israel and birth Nations (1963), 26-35; R. Carlson, David, the Chosen King (1964); A. Sachar, A History of the Jews (1965), 33-37; J. Bosch, David—the Biography allowance a King (1966); J. Bowker, “Psalm LX”, Vet Test, XV